With the application of technologies such as robots and the Internet of Things, the way the manufacturing factories operate has changed. Today, the efficiency of the factory is increasing, the production line is becoming more stable, workers' capabilities and productivity are rising, and employees are better protected because they no longer need to be exposed to dirty and dangerous actions.
More and more companies are beginning to introduce Industry 4.0 to achieve human-machine collaboration, which makes the completion of some tasks no longer time-consuming and labor-intensive. Although people are worried that work may be replaced, in fact, automation equipment has replaced some jobs and also created new job opportunities. In the era of Industry 4.0, how will new automation change the way people work?
Machine substitutions keep workers away from danger
Many companies are using robotic automation equipment to take over repetitive, hard and low-paying jobs. In one aspect, it is to improve the health and safety of employees.
In some high-risk industries, workers may be fatigued and vulnerable. Therefore, the use of robotic automation equipment can reduce excessive staff operations, thereby reducing the chance of production accidents.
In addition, aging is a common phenomenon. As the retirement age increases, the average age of the labor force will also increase. Using human-computer collaboration will make it possible to make some difficult tasks in the past easier. It is very good for older workers.
Automation equipment will become more and more powerful
The integration of vision systems is making manufacturing robots and automation equipment more flexible. Robots are no longer capable of performing only one single motion task. Cameras allow robots to locate objects within the scope of objects and identify different items produced to make different ones. Actions have increased the flexibility of the production line.
Robotic grippers have become more and more flexible, can handle irregular shapes, grasp weak objects through force sensing, and expand the scope of tasks that are suitable for robot automation. Work that once required manpower may now apply to robots with flexible grippers.
In order to protect the safety of workers, past industrial robots often need to work in cages. Today, there is a new type of robotic product called "cooperative robots" that allow humans to work directly with robots, saving valuable space and simplifying implementation. Under the impetus of "Industrial Internet of Things" or "Industry 4.0" technology, people and machines can exchange process information through sensors so as to realize remote monitoring and obtain higher overall equipment efficiency.
Predictive maintenance reduces production costs
The continuous advancement of sensor technology has enabled Industry 4.0 to flourish. More and more sensors are scattered in various industrial devices, and then a large amount of data can be collected through the Internet of Things to detect abnormal conditions in the production equipment. One of the benefits of industrial IoT is to achieve predictive maintenance, that is, managers can identify problems with the machine before they fail, and can do preventive work in advance.
Reducing costs has always been the top task of the manufacturing industry. Predictive maintenance can significantly reduce the risk of downtime. For a 24-hour production line, unplanned downtime can cause significant losses and affect product delivery times. A stable and efficient production line can reduce the pressure and financial burden of operators and managers.
Predictive maintenance also changes the role of equipment maintenance engineers because they do not have to visit the site before purchasing the required parts. They can receive data from sensors from any location and use it to identify problems and required parts to make their work more efficient.
Factory production line to flexible transformation
With the help of robots, the production line will become more predictable, which is expected to further shorten the delivery cycle and respond to rapidly changing production requirements, while also improving product standardization and reducing defect rates. Prevent failures and unplanned downtimes, formulate more reasonable timetables and reduce waste.
More flexible equipment will allow more products and packaging varieties, and different packaging formats, sizes and grades will be available on the same line. With the reduction of delivery time, mass customization will become a reality. The change in demand will be met by rapid reconfiguration of the manufacturing of new products, with minimal expensive dedicated automation scrap and replacement. This flexibility will make robots cost-effective even in small manufacturing.
The tasks involved in the repeated actions of the injury will be performed by the robot. Workplaces will become more secure and manual production work will be minimized. Displaced employees will be redeployed to more attractive quality enhancement tasks such as problem solving and product and process innovations that are more attractive to employees.
The machine still needs people after substitutions
It seems that automation equipment can accomplish extremely complex and challenging tasks that humans cannot achieve. However, there are still many jobs where robots cannot replace humans. In some respects, humans do better than robots, for example, in decision-making.
Although artificial intelligence technology is also emerging, it is difficult to truly realize comprehensive thinking and accurate decision-making. At present, humans are better than robots in making decisions about things. Because humans can think and act more flexibly, they are often better ways to solve problems.
Many industries rely on creativity, innovation and personalization, and these tasks need to be completed by people. Therefore, even if the factory completes the construction of Industry 4.0, it still needs human input. Many companies already have robots as part of their employees.
With the disappearance of manual work, some production workers will undertake more interesting and diverse work and increase the retention rate of employees. At the same time, others will be more skilled in robot programming and maintenance.
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