The latest news of the domestic large aircraft C919: test flight and crew members reveal the evaluation of foreign media

The C919 large passenger aircraft is a large-scale jet civil aircraft developed by China in accordance with international civil aviation regulations and with independent intellectual property rights. It has a seat class of 158-168 seats and a range of 4075-5555 kilometers.

At 15:20 pm on May 5, China's new generation of large-scale jetliner C919 with completely independent intellectual property rights landed safely at Pudong International Airport and completed its first off-ground flight.

For a new model aircraft, the first flight has a special significance, and all the designs and drawings are conceived to be a reality that can fly. This is one of the most important milestones in the birth of the new model aircraft.

It was learned from the flight test center of COMAC, the total number of C919 flight test subjects was 729, and it was planned to be completed in 4200 hours and 2282 flights. They will invest in six test machines and strive to complete the test flight of stall, power, performance, stability, flight control, icing, high temperature and cold in three years.

Among them, the second test machine will be assembled and put into "battle" in 2017. The head of the test flight engineering department of China Commercial Aircraft Corporation's test flight center revealed that each test machine has a division of labor. For example, the second test machine is aimed at testing engine performance, and the fourth test machine is dedicated to avionics system assessment.

Airworthiness certification test flight refers to the market access standard for commercial aircraft operating in the international civil aviation transportation industry to prove that the aircraft can "fly". ARJ21 received the type certificate issued by the Civil Aviation Administration of China on December 30, 2014.

If the C919 is to be put into operation in Europe and the United States, it must also pass the airworthiness certification of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) or the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). In fact, the Civil Aviation Administration of China and the European Aviation Safety Administration have accepted the C919 type certificate application in 2010 and 2016 respectively.

It is not enough to just "fly". The ultimate goal of China's domestic large aircraft is "good flying", that is, through commercial market operation inspection.

The C919 faces severe market competition. Airbus's next-generation A320, Boeing's next-generation B737, almost coincides with its market positioning.

“The reference frame of 'Good Flying' is the signature products of these aviation industry giants who have been practicing in the market for decades, and they are rich in technology and experienced.” Wang Ya-nan, editor-in-chief of Aviation Knowledge, said that thanks to 570 initial orders, C919 is in There has been a good start in the market survival war.

Wang Yanan believes that the next step is to ensure the rapid completion and efficient operation of the global service support system while continuing to explore the market, and continue to plan for the subsequent improvement of the C919 based on market feedback. The C919 has a large performance boost."

Industry experts pointed out that after the successful first flight of the C919, there will be two "risks" in the Chinese civil aviation industry. One is the safety risk and schedule risk. With the C919 test flight, ARJ21 operation and batch delivery, the Chinese civil aviation industry will enter the “high risk period” and “safety risk superposition period”.

The second is the “risk” of the market. How to continuously hatch new models of more competitive aircraft, how to continuously improve the marketization and industrialization level of key enterprises, and how to continuously improve the overall level of China’s aviation industry marketization will become New topic.

However, experts also pointed out that "crisis is organic." On the one hand, the C919 has shaken the door to the success of China's large civilian passenger aircraft. C919 chief designer Wu Guanghui confidently said: “It can be sought after by the market and become a star aircraft”; on the other hand, the large civil aircraft industry is praised. As the "flower of modern industry", with the "Dongfeng" of China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading, the C919 project will stimulate more economic vitality.

The crew members of the domestically produced large aircraft C919 were composed of captain Cai Jun, co-pilot Wu Xin, observer Qian Jin, flight test engineer Ma Fei and Zhang Dawei.

It is understood that Captain Cai Jun began flying in 1997 and now has a total flight time of 10,300 hours. During the development of the C919 large passenger aircraft model, he participated in and completed two first flight exercises, two taxi pre-tests, low-speed taxiing and medium-speed taxiing. The co-pilot Wu Xin started flying in 1997 and now has a total flight time of 1,1,500 hours.

The crew walked off the ladder. “It feels very good, very exciting, very good.” “The plane is very powerful and very stable.”

The first flight, intuitively speaking, is only a preliminary proof that the aircraft is "flyable". The Chinese-made large aircraft C919, which successfully made its first flight in Shanghai on the 5th, is facing a more severe test.

The domestic large aircraft C919 has been successful, but this requires a team of test pilots with particularly rich flight experience as one of the most important guarantees for the success of the first flight.

In the eyes of the public, five crew members took up the mission. They were Captain Cai Jun, Co-Director Wu Xin, Observer Qian Jin, Flight Test Engineer Ma Fei and Zhang Dawei. Among them, Cai Jun and Wu Xin are among the best pilots from China Eastern Airlines. Why are they able to take on such a heavy responsibility?

C919 first aircraft chief Cai Jun

"At 2 pm, the C919 took off from Pudong Airport on time. First, the aircraft gradually climbed to a height of 3,000 meters to perform a functional check on the system. Then we reduced the speed to 120 nautical miles per hour and started the configuration of different flaps. The flight test, then the susceptibility flight, experience the feeling of the aircraft's pitching, bowing and other attitudes. After that, we will simulate the imaginary runway at high altitude, simulate the approach, landing and go-around process, and the three actions must be done in one go..." From the afternoon flight experience, Captain Cai Jun said a series of almost all the test items, almost familiar.

Indeed, the test pilot is a more mysterious group than the pilot. In the "first-run" test pilot team of China Commercial Aircraft Corporation's test flight center, many of them are from the Eastern Airlines, and have more than ten years of experience in flying captains and faculty.

Calmness is a necessary psychological quality for test pilots, and this requires more experience as a support. "The test pilot first needs to be a mature pilot. Only with a wealth of experience in driving a civil airliner can it become a good pilot tester for civil aviation."

After graduating from the Civil Aviation Flight Academy in China in 1999, Cai Jun entered the work of China Eastern Airlines and became the most advanced Airbus 340 pilot introduced by China Eastern Airlines at that time, and received advanced flight concepts. Later, after years of flight accumulation, Cai Jun became an excellent A320 responsible captain.

"It can be said that I am very grateful for the experience of China Eastern Airlines. It is cultivated by China Eastern Airlines. The rich experience can help me understand the performance and characteristics of the entire aircraft, its response and what kind of state it is. This is as a test pilot. One of the most important qualities." Cai Jun recalled, "I flew for 11 years in China Eastern Airlines and drove the Airbus A320 and A340. It was these experiences that gave me the confidence to provoke the test flight."

Cai Jun said that when the airline is a pilot, our main task is to fly. Now, as a test pilot, it takes time to participate in relevant flight manuals, regulations research, participate in the development of flight test plans, and review flight data. The next step is to really lay a solid foundation for the market.

"Cai Jun has similar experience with another pilot, Wu Xin. The two have a common feature, that is, they like to study and like to study. The problems are particularly calm." The former squadron leader and the current party secretary of China Eastern Airlines Sichuan Branch Ding Zhiping said, "It may be because of this reason that they soon grew into a very good representative of the pilot team and provoked the captain's responsibility. When the news of China Commercial Aircraft recruited test pilots came, they were also the first. Time expressed interest in this new field. With the support of the company, the two went smoothly from China Eastern Airlines."

"China Eastern Airlines gave me the most solid foundation for the responsibility that I assumed in the future. After that, I was sent to the National Test Pilot School for further study. I have flown over 20 models, and ARJ21 has also flown. Compared with ARJ21, C919 performance. More mature and stable." In Cai Jun's view, learning is one of the necessary qualities of the test pilot. After many years of learning and training by China Eastern Airlines, he participated in the flight inspection and route during the development of the ARJ21 aircraft model. Demonstration flight, RVSM development test flight and other tasks, completed the C919 large passenger aircraft system theory training, telex side bar training, crew resource management and other 13 training subjects, all training are qualified.

It is for this reason that Cai Jun was finally selected as the captain of the C919's first flight. However, in his view, the first flight is only a milestone in the success of the C919. "After the first flight, we will return to the training center, and the next step will be to systematically check the aircraft and update some equipment and software." Cai Jun said, " From the ultimate success of the C919, we have taken the most important step and there is still a lot to be done in the future."

There is a consensus in the flight team of China Eastern Airlines: a generation of aircraft changes a generation. As China's new generation of large jet passenger aircraft C919 with complete independent intellectual property rights takes an important step, it will also create a new generation of Chinese pilots.

This is the first large passenger aircraft designed and built in China. The first flight of the C919 marks a milestone achievement. It challenges the world's most popular passenger aircraft - the Airbus A320 and the Boeing 737.

Established in 2008, COMAC has spent nearly ten years creating this airliner. The company said that the C919 aircraft has received orders for 570 aircraft from 23 customers worldwide, but overseas customers only account for 10% of orders, including German startups Puren Airlines and Thai Metropolitan Airlines. The company expects the C919 to sell more than 2,000 units.

An industry executive based in Beijing said: "The C919 has two terrible competitors, but China can take full advantage of its unparalleled advantage in the world, and that is its huge domestic market."

On the 5th of May, the French newspaper Le Figaro published a report entitled "China Challenges Airbus and Boeing".

Five C919 flight test pilots in orange flight suits proudly stood on the tarmac of Pudong Airport. They are now the new hero of Xi Jinping's plan to revive China. On May 5th, they took over the task of letting China's aviation dream take off by manipulating China's first large-scale domestic passenger aircraft.

After several years of careful preparation, especially after repeated delays and 118 ground tests, the aircraft was first tested in Shanghai. For the global aviation ambition of the world's second largest economy, this is a very symbolic test because China wants to challenge the monopoly of Boeing and Airbus. European industrialists said: "They will not allow themselves to make any mistakes, otherwise they will ruin the credibility of the entire plan. Therefore, they continue to postpone the test flight until everything is certain."

This is undoubtedly a boos for Boeing and Airbus, and they are preparing for another competitor to gradually enter the Chinese market, which is growing and is likely to become the world's number one in the world since 2024.

However, the arrival of the C919 will not worry Airbus. "This is a good aircraft, but it does not provide anything more than the new Airbus A320. China Commercial Aircraft wants to be confirmed," said Fabris Bregie, head of the Airbus Group's commercial aircraft business. Competitors have to go for more than 10 years."

On the 4th of May, the British "Times" website published a report entitled "China's Big Aircraft Challenge Boeing and Airbus."

From Australia to Zambia, the rest of the world is striving for a team of Chinese tourists who are generous, have a strong willingness to travel and are growing. Beijing hopes that the nationals can travel on the C919. China's domestic large aircraft is scheduled to make its first flight on May 5.

Germany's "Frankfurt Report" reported on May 4 that on May 5th, the Chinese aviation industry will write history. The country's first domestic large-scale passenger aircraft, the C919, will take off with new pride: it has two engines, 158 seats, and a standard range of 4,075 kilometers. These numbers are reminiscent of the world's best-selling aircraft series Airbus A320 and Boeing 737.

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