1, how to choose stepper and servo motor?
Mainly depending on the specific application, it is simple to determine: the nature of the load (such as horizontal or vertical load), torque, inertia, speed, accuracy, acceleration and deceleration requirements, upper control requirements (such as port interface and communication Aspect requirements), the main control method is position, torque or speed mode. Whether the power supply is DC or AC, or battery powered, voltage range. This is used to determine the model of the motor and the associated drive or controller.
2. Choose a stepper motor or a servo motor system?
In fact, what kind of motor should be selected depends on the specific application, each has its own characteristics.
3. How do I use a stepper motor driver?
Depending on the current of the motor, a driver greater than or equal to this current is used. A subdivided drive can be used if low vibration or high precision is required. For high torque motors, use high voltage drives as much as possible to achieve good high speed performance.
What is the difference between 4, 2 phase and 5 phase stepper motors? How to choose?
The 2-phase motor has a low cost, but the vibration is high at low speeds and the torque at high speed is fast. The 5-phase motor has less vibration and high-speed performance, which is 30~50% higher than that of the 2-phase motor. It can replace the servo motor in some occasions.
5. When is the DC servo system selected, what is the difference between it and the AC servo?
DC servo motors are divided into brushed and brushless motors. The brush motor has low cost, simple structure, large starting torque, wide speed regulation range, easy control and maintenance, but convenient maintenance (replacement of carbon brushes), electromagnetic interference, and environmental requirements. It can therefore be used in cost-sensitive general industrial and residential applications. The brushless motor is small in size, light in weight, large in output, fast in response, high in speed, small in inertia, smooth in rotation and stable in torque. The control is complex, and it is easy to realize intelligence. The electronic commutation mode is flexible, and can be square wave commutation or sine wave commutation. The motor is maintenance-free, has high efficiency, low operating temperature, low electromagnetic radiation and long life, and can be used in various environments. AC servo motors are also brushless motors, which are divided into synchronous and asynchronous motors. At present, synchronous motors are generally used in motion control. It has a large power range and can achieve a large power. High inertia, the highest rotational speed is low, and it decreases rapidly as power increases. Therefore, it is suitable for applications with low speed and smooth operation.
6. What should I pay attention to when using the motor?
Check the following before power-on: 1) The power supply voltage is suitable (overvoltage is likely to cause damage to the drive module); the +/- polarity of the DC input must not be connected incorrectly, the motor model or current on the drive controller Whether the set value is suitable (not too big at the beginning); 2) The control signal line is firmly connected. It is best to consider the shielding problem in the industrial field (such as using twisted pair); 3) Do not connect the line to be connected at the beginning. On, only connected to the most basic system, after running well, and then gradually connected. 4) Be sure to find out the grounding method, or use floating. 5) Closely observe the state of the motor within half an hour of starting operation, such as whether the motion is normal, sound and temperature rise, and immediately stop the adjustment after finding the problem.
7. When the stepping motor starts running, sometimes it will not move or move back and forth in the same place. Sometimes it will lose step when running. What is the problem?
Generally consider the following aspects to check: 1) Whether the motor torque is large enough to drive the load, so we generally recommend that the user choose a motor with a torque greater than 50%~100% than the actual requirement, because the stepper motor cannot pass Load operation, even if it is an instant, will result in loss of synchronization, when it is severe, it will stop or move irregularly. 2) Whether the current of the input step pulse from the upper controller is large enough (generally >10mA), so that the optocoupler is stably turned on, and the input frequency is too high, resulting in no reception, if the output circuit of the upper controller For CMOS circuits, use a CMOS input driver. 3) Whether the starting frequency is too high, whether the acceleration process is set on the startup program, it is better to start the acceleration from the starting frequency specified by the motor to the set frequency. Even if the acceleration time is short, it may be unstable or even in a passive state. . 4) When the motor is not fixed, this condition sometimes occurs, which is normal. Because, in fact, a strong resonance of the motor is caused at this time, resulting in an out-of-synchronization state. The motor must be fixed. 5) For 5-phase motors, the phase is incorrectly connected and the motor does not work.
8. I want to directly control the servo motor by means of communication. Is it OK?
Yes, it is more convenient, just a speed issue, for applications that require less response speed. If fast response control parameters are required, it is best to use a servo motion control card. Generally, it has a DSP and a high-speed logic processing circuit to achieve high-speed and high-precision motion control. Such as S acceleration, multi-axis interpolation, and so on.
9. Is it good to supply the stepping and DC motor system with a switching power supply?
Generally, it is best not to use a large torque motor, unless a switching power supply that is more than twice as large as the required power is used. Because the motor works as a large inductive load, it will form an instantaneous high voltage on the power supply end. The overload performance of the switching power supply is not good, it will protect the shutdown, and its precision voltage regulation performance is not needed, and sometimes it may cause damage to the switching power supply and the driver. A DC power supply that can be transformed with a conventional toroidal or R-type transformer.
10. I want to control the stepper motor with a DC voltage of ±10V or 4~20mA. Is it OK?
Yes, but additional conversion modules are required.
11, I have a servo motor with encoder feedback, can I use a servo drive with only the speedometer port to control?
Yes, you need to have an encoder to tachometer signal module.
12. Can the encoder part of the servo motor be disassembled?
It is forbidden to disassemble, because the quartz plate in the code wheel is easy to break, and after entering the dust, the life and accuracy will not be guaranteed, and professional maintenance is required.
13. Can the stepper and servo motor be disassembled for repair or modification?
No, it is best to let the manufacturer do it. After disassembling, there is no professional equipment and it is difficult to install it back to the original. The gap between the stator and the stator of the motor cannot be guaranteed. The performance of the magnetic steel material is destroyed, and even the loss of magnetism, the motor torque is greatly reduced.
14. Can the servo controller sense changes in external load?
Stop, return or maintain a certain thrust follow-up if you encounter set resistance.
15. Can I use a domestic drive or motor with a foreign high-quality motor or driver?
In principle, it is ok, but it is necessary to understand the technical parameters of the motor before it can be used. Otherwise, it will greatly reduce the effect and even affect the long-term operation and longevity. It is best to consult with the supplier before deciding.
16. Is it safe to drive the motor with a DC supply voltage greater than the rated voltage?
Normally this is not a problem as long as the motor is running within the set speed and current limits. Since the motor speed is proportional to the motor line voltage, selecting a power supply voltage does not cause overspeed, but a driver failure may occur.
In addition, it must be ensured that the motor meets the minimum inductance requirements of the drive and that the set current limit is less than or equal to the rated current of the motor. In fact, if you can make the motor run slower in the device you are designing (below the rated voltage), it is good to run at a lower voltage (and therefore lower speed) which will cause the brush to run back. Less, and the brush/commutator wear is less, lower current consumption and longer motor life. On the other hand, if the size and performance requirements of the motor require additional torque and speed, over-driving the motor is also possible, but at the expense of the product's useful life.
17, how to choose the right power supply for my application?
It is recommended to select a supply voltage value that is 10%-50% higher than the maximum required voltage. This percentage varies depending on Kt, Ke, and the voltage drop across the system. The current value of the driver should be sufficient to deliver the energy required for the application. Remember that the output voltage of the driver is different from the supply voltage, so the driver output current is also different from the input current. To determine the appropriate supply current, all power requirements for this application need to be calculated, plus an additional 5%. Calculate according to the formula I = P / V to get the required current value. It is recommended to select a supply voltage value that is 10%-50% higher than the maximum required voltage. This percentage varies depending on Kt, Ke, and the voltage drop across the system. The current value of the driver should be sufficient to deliver the energy required for the application. Remember that the output voltage of the driver is different from the supply voltage, so the driver output current is also different from the input current. To determine the appropriate supply current, all power requirements for this application need to be calculated, plus an additional 5%. Calculate according to the formula I = P / V to get the required current value.
18, I can choose which way of working for the servo drive?
Different modes do not all exist in all models of drives.
19. How is the drive and system grounded?
a. If there is no isolation between the AC power source and the drive DC bus (such as a transformer), do not connect the non-isolated port of the DC bus or the ground of the non-isolated signal to the ground, which may result in equipment damage and personal injury. Because the common voltage of the AC is not to earth, there may be a high voltage between the DC bus ground and the earth.
b. In most servo systems, all common ground and earth are connected together at the signal end. A variety of ground loops generated by grounding are susceptible to noise and generate flow at different reference points.
c. In order to keep the command reference voltage constant, connect the signal ground of the driver to the signal ground of the controller. It will also be connected to the ground of the external power supply, which will affect the operation of the controller and the drive (eg: 5V power supply for the encoder).
d. Shield grounding is more difficult, there are several ways. The correct shield ground is at the reference potential point inside the circuit. This point depends on whether the noise source and reception are grounded at the same time, or floating. Make sure that the shield is grounded at the same point so that ground current does not flow through the shield.
20, why can't the gearbox match the motor exactly at the standard torque point?
If the maximum continuous torque through the reducer generated by the motor is taken into account, many reduction ratios will far exceed the torque level of the reducer. If we are designing each reducer to match the full torque, there will be too many combinations of internal gears (larger, more material). This will make the product price high and violate the "high performance, small size" principle of the product.
21, How do I choose to use a planetary reducer or a spur gear reducer?
Planetary reducers are generally used when high torque is required in a limited space, ie small volume and large torque, and its reliability and life are better than spur gear reducers. Spur gear reducers are used for lower current consumption, low noise and high efficiency low cost applications.
22, What is the duty cycle?
The duty cycle is the ratio of the working time / working time + non-working time of the motor during each working cycle. If the load rate is low, the motor is allowed to run at 3 times continuous current for a short period of time, resulting in more force than rated continuous operation.
23, can the standard rotary motor drive circuit be used for linear motors?
Generally it is ok. You can use linear motors as rotating motors, such as linear stepper motors, brushed, brushless, and AC linear motors. Please consult the supplier for details.
24, can the linear motor be installed vertically and do the up and down movement?
can. According to the user's request, we can add the slider slide balancing device or the rail brake brake when installing vertically.
25, can you install multiple movers on the same platform?
can. As long as several movers do not interfere with each other.
26, Is it possible to mount the mover coils of multiple brushless motors on the same magnetic track?
can. As long as several movers do not interfere with each other.
27, What are the advantages of using a linear motor with a linear motor than a ball screw?
Since there is no mechanical connection between the stator and the mover, the backlash, wear, and jamming problems are eliminated, and the motion is smoother. It highlights the features of higher precision, high speed, high acceleration, fast response, smooth motion, high control precision, good reliability, compact size, low profile, long life and maintenance-free.
Another selection recommendation for the user is that if it is not necessary, the three main parameters of push-pull or load-bearing, speed, and positioning accuracy are not required at the same time because the actuator is a high-precision and high-tech mechatronic product. In design and manufacture, we need to consider and select the corresponding motor, drive controller and feedback device from various aspects such as mechanical structure, electrical performance, material properties, materials and processing methods, as well as guide rails, screw rods and supports of different precision grades. The seat and other mechanical systems, to achieve the required overall motion parameters, can be described as a product that launches the whole body. Of course, if you have a demanding product, we can still meet it, but the cost will increase accordingly.
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