The second phase of the 5G technology R&D test finally came to a successful end, so what is the specific scene testing process and results? Let's take a look!
At the "Second 5G Innovation and Development Summit Forum" held recently, Wei Kejun, deputy head of the wireless technology working group of the IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group, introduced the 5G phase II test frequency band and test system and the equipment manufacturers involved in the test. The test completion of the instrument manufacturer, and detailed description of the specific test results of the 5G second phase test several major scenarios.
The reporter interviewed the industry chain manufacturers to understand the specific test situation of the current 5G second phase test several major scenarios.
The scene is very close to 5G.As we all know, at the end of last year, China began the second phase of the 5G test.
Specifically, the 5G second-stage test is no longer limited to single-point technical testing, but should be tested for 5G typical scenarios, and will focus on achieving 5G continuous wide coverage, hotspot high capacity (high and low frequency), low frequency, high reliability, and low power. Typical scenarios such as high-cost connections, low latency, and high reliability, and technical solutions in mixed scenarios. At the same time, participating in the testing enterprise is not limited to the previous five equipment vendors, chip and instrument manufacturers will also participate in the industrial chain docking test.
It must be said that the 5G typical scenario test is very important for 5G commercial deployment, the scenario test is not enough, 5G is very far.
It is worth mentioning that in the 5G test frequency, the IMT-2020 (5G) propulsion group applied for the low-frequency 3.4GHz-3.6GHz frequency band last year. This year, with the approval of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the 5G technology research and development test will continue to add 4.8-5.0GHz, 24.75. - 37.5GHz and 37-42.5GHz three frequency bands.
In the 5G R&D test system, it is divided into 12 specifications including wireless test specifications and network test specifications, including 215 related test cases. For wireless test specifications, test methods such as high and low frequency mixed scenes and other mixed scenes are covered. For the network test specification, the requirements of the core network and the test equipment of the wireless network and the corresponding test methods are covered.
Regarding the performance of the vendors participating in the test, Huawei saw all the scenarios tested, and ZTE completed all the tests except the 5G core network test. Ericsson and Datang completed five tests. Nokia Bell conducted tests such as continuous wide-area coverage, low latency and high reliability.
For the docking situation of chip instrument manufacturers and system equipment manufacturers, Keysight completed the docking test with five system equipment manufacturers such as Huawei, Ericsson, ZTE, Datang and Shanghai Nokia Bell. Rohde & Schwarz completed the docking test with Huawei, Ericsson and ZTE. Datang Lianyi completed the docking test with Huawei and Datang. Intel and Ericsson and Nokia Bell conducted the docking test.
In the 5G phase II test, the test team tested the 5G core network, including the incubation structure, main business processes, network slicing and mobile compilation calculations.
According to reports, in the 5G core network test, Huawei completed all the test items, Datang completed most of the test items, and Ericsson, ZTE, and Shanghai Nokia Bell will conduct corresponding tests as planned.
From the overall situation of the 5G core network test, the enterprises participating in the test have adopted the universal server and the high-performance telecom cloud platform, adopting the open source OpenStack technology, implementing the network function of the core network and the network based on the 5G architecture. Deployment, business processes, and business capabilities. At the same time, a series of key technologies were verified, including service architecture, network slicing, edge computing, and 5G business processes.
Scene 1: Continuous wide coverage scene: peak over 10Gbps, up to standardContinuous wide coverage scenarios are the most basic coverage methods for mobile communications, with the goal of ensuring user mobility and business continuity, providing users with a seamless high-speed service experience.
This scenario requires the user to provide a user experience rate of 100 Mbps or more in a harsh environment such as a cell edge or a high-speed mobile.
In the second phase of the test, for the continuous wide-area coverage scenario, each manufacturer uses a large-scale antenna with more than 64 ports, and uses MU-MIMO technology and high-order modulation to achieve spectrum efficiency improvement through multiple streams.
Wei Kejun said that the test results show that the single-user peak rate exceeds 1.6 Gbps, the peak rate of the cell exceeds 10 Gbps (200 MHz bandwidth), and the highest peak rate can reach 28 Gbps, which can meet the performance requirements of the ITU for peak rate requirements of at least 10 Gbps.
Scenario 2: Low latency and high reliability scenario: the delay is less than 1ms, reaching the standardThe low latency and high reliability scenarios are mainly for the special application requirements of vertical industries such as car networking and industrial control, which requires the user to provide users with millisecond-level end-to-end delay and almost 100% reliability.
For low latency and high reliability scenarios, the test uses shorter subframes and self-contained frame structure design to achieve shorter air interface latency and higher reliability.
The test results show that the unidirectional air interface delay of each manufacturer is less than 0.64ms, and the reliability can be greater than 99.999%. This can meet the performance requirements of the ITU proposed air interface delay less than 1ms and reliability greater than 99.999%.
Scene 3: Hotspot high capacity (high and low frequency): rate and flow density are up to standardThe hotspot high-capacity scenario is mainly for local hotspots, providing users with higher data transmission rates and meeting the extremely high traffic density requirements of the network. This scenario requires a 1Gbps user experience rate, a 10Gbps peak rate, and a traffic density requirement of 10Tbps/km2.
For the hot-spot high-capacity (low-frequency) scenario, it is often said that the ultra-dense networking scenario, as the density of the cell network deployment increases, will greatly increase the network capacity and the traffic density of the network. This will increase the density of network deployment, making cell interference more and more serious. The four test vendors use virtual cell technology to effectively reduce interference under the conditions of base station density deployment and greatly increase the traffic density of the network.
Wei Kejun said that the test results show that the traffic density indicators of all manufacturers exceed 36Mbps/m2, and the highest can reach 107Mbps/m2, which can meet the performance requirements of 10Mbps/m2 traffic density proposed by ITU.
For hot-spot high-capacity (high-frequency) scenes, Wei Kejun said that the high frequency band above 6 GHz is the first application in mobile communication systems. Through this high-frequency test, the IMT-2020 (5G) propulsion group hopes to verify the high-frequency technical solution. the design of. On the other hand, I hope to learn about the transmission characteristics of the high frequency band through this test. For the millimeter wave frequency band, better performance can be obtained in a scene with a relatively large line of sight or reflection path, but under non-line-of-sight conditions, the performance of high-frequency systems is seriously affected by obstacles such as vegetation or buildings.
The three participating testers use the large bandwidth of the millimeter wave band, combined with large-scale antenna and dynamic beamforming technology, can achieve peak cell transmission rate of more than 20 Gbps, up to 62.25 Gbps, which can meet the 10-20 Gbps peak proposed by ITU. Rate performance indicator requirements.
Scenario 4: Low power and large connections: up to one million connections per square meterThe low-power large-connection scenario test mainly examines the connection capabilities of the user system.
The low-power and large-connection scenario is mainly for smart city, environmental monitoring, intelligent agriculture, forest fire prevention and other application scenarios targeting sensing and data acquisition. It has the characteristics of small data packet, low power consumption and massive connection. This kind of terminal has a wide distribution range and a large number of terminals. It not only requires the network to have the support capacity of over 100 million connections, meets the requirements of the 1 million/km2 connection number density index, but also ensures the ultra-low power consumption and ultra-low cost of the terminal.
According to reports, the scenario uses multiple access technology to superimpose the transmission data of different users on the same resource, which can double the user's connection capability. At the same time, it also adopts a scheduling-free transmission mode, which can effectively reduce the transmission. The delays simplify system design and reduce cost and power consumption.
Wei Kejun said that because the test group does not currently have a terminal emulator for connecting large users, another method is adopted.
That is to say, the test group counts the number of correctly received service data packets in the system within 10 minutes, and converts them into a number of connections per minute per cell and per cell. From the test results, it can be equivalent to meet the ITU's requirements for the user connection capability per square kilometer of this million connections.
Scene 5: High and low frequency mixed scene: low frequency uplink coverage to be solvedIn addition to the corresponding testing of the 5G typical scenarios determined by the ITU, the 5G Phase 2 test also tested the mixed scenarios. The high and low frequency hybrid scene is one of the very typical application scenarios of the future 5G, so it is included in the second phase 5G test.
It is understood that in this test, the test group used 3.5GHz low frequency as riveting point to transmit information, including user coverage; using 26GHz high frequency to boost the entire hotspot capacity, the data plane was separated in the PDCP layer.
There are multiple test sub-items in the whole test, which are outdoor fixed-point rate, mobile remote, RF and wireless network high-level protocols.
In the outdoor fixed-point rate test, the test group was tested under static conditions and moving conditions. Under static conditions, the test set uses 3.5 GHz and 26 GHz dual connectivity, with single-user peaks exceeding 20 Gbps and four user cell peaks exceeding 65 Gbps. Under mobile conditions, the peak of the cell reaches 18.2 Gbps in the high and low frequency overlapping coverage area. It is worth noting that the test group also counted the average throughput, which can reach 7.8 under non-NLOS conditions, 4.34 under NLOS conditions, 618 meters at high frequencies, and 120 kilometers at low frequencies.
In the mobile remote test, the test group deployed three base stations of 3.5 GHz, 4.9 GHz, and 26 GHz in the same location. The test found that the 26GHz NLOS point occurred at 630 meters, and the same 4.9GHz uplink point was also about 630 meters. Through this control, the test group further extended 4.9 GHz, and the downside occurred at 2.3 km. In comparison, at 3.5 GHz, the up-point occurs at 830 meters and the down-point occurs at 3 kilometers. Through this test, the test team found that the low-frequency uplink coverage is more limited, and this problem needs to be solved in the future.
Throughout the long-distance test, 26GHz is very sensitive to NLOS, and as the distance increases, the signal-to-dry ratio decreases very steeply. The propagation characteristics of 3.5 GHz and 4.9 GHz are basically the same, but the latter is about 36% less than the coverage area of ​​the former.
In the second phase of the test, the test group conducted an RF test. According to reports, in this test, the test group used third-party test instruments to test key test indicators such as band bandwidth, output power, transmit power accuracy, and transmit shutdown function, and completed the chip instrument manufacturers and system manufacturers. The kinetic energy docking, Datang Lianyi, Spreadtrum, MTK, Intel, Keysight and Rhodes all participated in the above docking test. Through this test, the test group mainly verified the parameters of the 5G new air interface and related technologies such as frame interface, coding, multiple access, and flexibility.
In the second phase of the test, the test group also tested the high-level protocol of the wireless network. The test focused on the CU/DU layered architecture and the new air interface with LTE dual connectivity. The test content covers the management functions of the cell, basic business functions, Synergy between DUs and adjustment of dynamic resources. Huawei and ZTE initially verified the feasibility of adopting the CU/DU layered architecture. At the same time, preliminary verification of dual connectivity was also carried out.
Scenario 6: Other Hybrid Scenarios: Verifying the Autonomous Air Interface Technology ArchitectureIn addition to the corresponding testing of the 5G typical scenarios determined by the ITU, the test group also tested other mixed scenarios.
According to reports, the three major scenarios currently defined by the ITU are mMTC, eMBB, and uRLLC. These three scenarios have very large differences, which requires the test group to design corresponding technical solutions for different scenarios.
Wei Kejun said that for each scenario, the key technologies used by the test team and its parameter range are quite different.
China has proposed a flexible and configurable unified air interface technology architecture. In the second phase of testing, the test group also made some technical verifications for this unified air interface architecture.
Specifically, the test group divides the 200 MHz bandwidth, of which 180 MHz is used for the eMBB scenario, 20 MHz is used for the uRLLC scenario, and 2 RB is used for the mMTC scenario. Through the test, in the eMBB scenario, the cell throughput reaches 16.32 Gbps; the uRLLC air interface delay is less than 0.407 ms; in the mMTC scenario, the user connection capability reaches 2.53 M, which satisfies the performance requirements of the three typical normalities.
Looking forward to the third stageThe 5G technology R&D test organized by IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group is a key link in the 5G development process. It is of great significance to promote 5G key technology research and development, verify 5G technology solutions, and support the development of global unified 5G standards. The successful conclusion of the 5G phase II test also means that the third phase of the 5G technology R&D test will be launched at the end of 2017 and early 2018. The test will follow the unified 5G international standard and be based on the hardware platform for commercial use. Single station, networking performance and related interconnection testing of commercial equipment is planned to be completed by the end of 2018.
Experts from the IMT-2020 (5G) advancing group said that in September, the drafting of the test specification for the third phase was initiated, and the specifications based on the NSA (non-independent networking) architecture and the SA (independent networking) architecture were developed in phases.
At the same time, the construction of the test environment has been fully launched, the transmission construction will be completed by the end of 2017, and the environmental construction will be completed in March 2018. The third phase of the test will be officially launched in the first quarter of 2018.
Lithium Iron Phosphate(LFP) Battery Pack For Energy Storage
In order to meet the technical requirements of modern energy storage equipment, DADNCELL energy storage power pack has raised the temperature range, specific energy and service life of energy storage batteries to a whole new level.
The company produces a variety of lithium iron phosphate PACKs that are used in mining, industry, communications, hospitals, computer business terminal network equipment, data storage equipment, emergency lighting systems, fire safety alarm systems, wireless communication systems, program-controlled switches, and solar energy storage energy conversion equipment , Control equipment and its emergency protection system and other fields.
Lithium Battery For Energy Storage In Cbs,72V Li Battery Replaceable For Electric Bicycle,Safety & Reliable For Electric Cars,High Durability Lifepo4 For Electric Sweepers
Shandong Huachuang Times Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.dadncell.com