1 Introduction
With the rapid development of computer technology, network technology and large-scale integrated circuits, the dynamic signal analysis system has a tendency to develop towards networking. Computer technology, chip technology and embedded system with software as the core have once again become the focus of current research and application. Compared with general-purpose computer systems, the biggest feature of embedded systems is that they are purposeful and pertinent, that is, the development and design of each embedded system has its own special applications and specific functions, and usually has high real-time performance and high power consumption. Low, small size, high integration, low cost and so on.
The remote electric energy data acquisition terminal (ERTU) is an intermediate device between the metering master station and the tariff device (electric energy meter) in the electric energy billing system. It mainly completes the functions of electric energy data collection, processing, storage and forwarding. . The application of embedded technology in the power system has a long history. As early as a few years ago, the power grid monitoring system with the embedded real-time operating system (Real TIme OperaTIon System-RTOS) as the core has been introduced in China. With the continuous improvement of power system automation and the rapid development of embedded technology in recent years, embedded technology is more and more widely used in data acquisition, state monitoring, automatic devices, microcomputer protection, distributed control and other fields. Due to its own power user dispersion and management network needs, the application of embedded technology will greatly improve the system performance.
2 Overview of Embedded Electric Energy Harvesting System
Electric energy harvesting system has broad application prospects as a technical support for power marketing and commercial operation of power grids in the future. The system is mainly composed of four parts: the main station-side computer system, the plant-side power collector, the multi-functional electronic electricity meter and the information communication network, involving professional knowledge in electronics, computers, communications, networks, and power systems.
With the establishment of the power market and the development of information technology, the development of the electric energy acquisition system has new characteristics: (1) The degree of networking is higher, and the remote electric energy data acquisition terminal (ERTU) has various interfaces and built-in Modem. It should also have network functions, with network interfaces, and comply with the TCP/IP standard protocol; data transmission is safe and reliable, with user-oriented information query functions and auxiliary information release functions; (2) Electric energy meter automatic meter reading ARM (AutomaTIc Reading Meter) is The power supply department will aggregate the electricity consumption recorded by the electric energy meter installed at the user's place to the business department through telemetry, transmission and computer systems, instead of manual meter reading and a series of follow-up work.
The implementation of ARM will overcome the time-consuming, labor-intensive, error-prone, and household meter reading difficulties of manual meter reading, which is conducive to improving the level of distribution automation; (3) Using embedded CPU and embedded real-time in the remote power data acquisition terminal (ERTU) Multi-task RTOS constitutes a complete embedded system. On the basis of RTOS, combined with embedded Web server technology, it can realize real-time and dynamic interactive query function, and provide strong support for power management personnel to make decision analysis. ERTU uses timing or real-time start meter reading tasks, reads the power information and event information in the smart energy meter through the RS-485 bus, and supports standard RS-485 serial port data output. Each ERTU device can be connected to multiple RS-485 buses, so that multiple meters of meter information can be collected at the same time. According to the development of the above-mentioned electric energy collection system, a new type of electric energy collection terminal has been developed in the research of the system. Its hardware adopts the popular PC104-based CPU, which can ensure high-speed and high-reliability operation. The design can easily expand the interface, and the electronic disk is used as the storage medium to ensure that the data is not lost after power failure; the control platform adopts the real-time embedded LINUX operating system, multi-process/thread design, and each program module runs concurrently , which can greatly improve the system efficiency. The smart meter corresponding to each electric energy metering point measures the electric energy, and the data acquisition system collects and stores the electric energy meter in a round-robin manner. Remote communication with the control center. The data acquisition system adopts the function module plug-in structure in design, which is mainly composed of interface module, RS-485 acquisition module, main control module, remote communication module (Modem), etc. The modules are connected and managed through the main control module. The acquisition device uses the method of starting the meter reading task regularly, and can also use the remote control method to read the electric energy information stored in the smart meter through the RS-485 bus, and store the event information in the acquisition device by time periods. The data acquisition system has the ability to convert different electric energy meter protocols. According to different electric energy meters, the corresponding acquisition program is written and a program library is established.
3 Main functions of the embedded electrical energy harvesting system
The developed new electric energy acquisition system integrates data collection, storage, processing, wireless upload and other functions. The system can collect 32/64 pulse input signals, the pulse scanning period is 10ms, the sampling resolution is not less than 40ms, and it has hardware filtering. At the same time, the software performs filtering processing according to the type and pulse width of the electric energy meter. The electric energy collection system provides 4 RS-485 interfaces, each RS-485 interface can be connected to 32 multi-functional electronic energy meters, and can also be expanded. The interval of copying and receiving is set by the master station remotely, and can also be set at the collection system side. Each data read from the electric energy meter is added to the time information and stored as data with a time stamp. The time information of the electric power collection system is obtained through the GPS module in the system. For accurate time service, the acquisition system completes the time calibration through the GPS clock and can broadcast the time calibration of the multi-functional electronic energy meter. The digital interface is fully electronic energy meter terminal communication, and provides a GPRS interface, supports TCP/IP protocol, and uploads to the main station server through the GPRS network. The functional structure diagram of the system is shown in Figure 1.
4 System Implementation
4.1 The hardware structure of the data acquisition unit
The hardware core of the system uses the standard PC104 "mezzanine bus" method and the embedded operating system to provide the running platform of the application program, which improves the standardization degree of software and hardware design and the reusability of the system. The microprocessor adopts the Intel486 processor platform, and its speed It is 100MHz and can be changed by program; it contains an Ethernet interface, supports TCP/IP protocol, and the memory is divided into two parts: 512kB FLASH EPROM (for running programs and storage of various intermediate variables); a 64MB Disk On Chip The electronic disk (used to store the electric energy data copied and collected, can be extended to 1G at most). 4-channel multi-serial port card with PC104 interface, 8 serial ports are extended with multi-serial ports to connect the local electric energy meter, the system also adopts the following user interface equipment: a monochrome LCD screen compatible with standard LCD interface, display resolution Rate 320&TImes;240; input keyboard connected with PC-AT keyboard interface, used as user input device.
It can be seen from the above that the main PC peripheral devices are concentrated on a relatively small motherboard, including: CPU, memory, bus controller, standard serial communication port, standard parallel communication port, standard IDE disk drive interface, standard VGA driver chip, LCD interface, mouse/keyboard interface, Watchdog monitoring chip. A set of powerful, compact industrial-grade PCs is formed by adding a mainboard with power supply, display and storage devices.
4.2 System timing module
The time of the data acquisition unit is calibrated by the synchronous time signal output by the GPS standard module. The GPS module communicates with the data acquisition unit through the RS-232 interface, and the electric energy data collected from the electric energy meter plus the time information are stored in the electronic disk. Then upload the energy data with time stamp to the master station.
The present invention provides a method for controlling the temperature of a flue-cured electronic cigarette and a flue-cured electronic cigarette. The flue-cured electronic cigarette includes an N-section heating body, where N is an integer greater than 1, and the heating body is used for heating tobacco. The method for controlling the temperature of the flue-cured electronic cigarette includes: the flue-cured electronic cigarette heats the i-th heating body, and i is an integer greater than 0 and less than N; after the first preset time, the flue-cured electronic cigarette pairs the i+ The first stage heating body is heated; after the second preset time, the flue-cured electronic cigarette stops heating the i-th stage heating body, and continues to heat the i+1th stage heating body. The technical solution solves the problem of unbalanced smoke output of flue-cured electronic cigarettes during multi-stage heating.The present invention provides a method for controlling the temperature of a flue-cured electronic cigarette and a flue-cured electronic cigarette. The flue-cured electronic cigarette includes an N-section heating body, where N is an integer greater than 1, and the heating body is used for heating tobacco. The method for controlling the temperature of the flue-cured electronic cigarette includes: the flue-cured electronic cigarette heats the i-th heating body, and i is an integer greater than 0 and less than N; after the first preset time, the flue-cured electronic cigarette pairs the i+ The first stage heating body is heated; after the second preset time, the flue-cured electronic cigarette stops heating the i-th stage heating body, and continues to heat the i+1th stage heating body. The technical solution solves the problem of unbalanced smoke output of flue-cured electronic cigarettes during multi-stage heating.
E-Cigarette Starter Kits,small e cigarette starter kit,mini e cigarette starter kit,e cig starter kit near me,cheapest e cigarette starter kit, e cigarette starter kits,electronic cigarette starter kits
Suizhou simi intelligent technology development co., LTD , https://www.msmsmart.com