In general, electromagnetic noise is difficult to eliminate, but various measures can be taken to suppress electromagnetic noise to such an extent that electromagnetic interference is not generated. It is often difficult to solve electromagnetic noise problems in a simple way, so it is best to use several different combinations.
First, the general requirements
The suppression of electromagnetic noise in automobiles can be carried out on the receiver side, but it is more difficult to take measures at the receiver end due to the acceptance frequency, the propagation mode of the interference wave and other various practical conditions. Since the electromagnetic noise of automotive electrical equipment can interfere with other communication equipment and various electronic equipment, it should be considered to suppress the electromagnetic noise generated by the automobile electrical equipment itself. The characteristics and levels of electromagnetic interference generated by various electrical appliances in automobiles are different, so the suppression of interference should also be consistent with its characteristics and level. The suppression of interference wave design can adopt basic measures such as damping, shielding, filtering and connection, and must meet four conditions: 1 has good suppression effect. 2 does not hinder the performance of automotive electrical equipment itself. 3 high reliability and easy to use. 4 The price is reasonable.
Second, the electromagnetic noise suppressor
At present, suppressors used in automobiles at home and abroad are basically assembled by resistors, inductors, and capacitors, so-called R, I, and C, such as resistors, shielded wires, capacitors, interference suppression inductors, and interference suppression filters.
Third, the method
shield
Shielding is the most straightforward way to establish a circuit in an electromagnetic barrier protection system between two areas that is not damaged by the electromagnetic environment.
Shields come in a variety of forms, from baffles to box closures, to cable or connector shields. The effectiveness of the shield is expressed in terms of shielding effectiveness, which is related not only to the shielding material, but also to the thickness of the material, the frequency of application, the distance from the source to the shield, and the shape and number of discontinuities in the shield.
Shielding has two main purposes: one is to limit the radiant electromagnetic energy within a specific area (called active shielding). Active shielding refers to a structure in which the interference source is internal and prevents interference waves from leaking into the external space. Grounding must be performed, and the grounding resistance is as small as possible. The second is to prevent radiated electromagnetic energy from entering a specific area (called passive shielding). Passive shielding refers to a structure in which the interference source is external and prevents interference waves from entering the shielding space.
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