Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN) is a multi-hop self-organizing network system formed by a large number of cheap micro sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area through wireless communication. Its purpose is to cooperatively sense, collect and Process the information of the perceived objects in the network coverage area and send it to the observer.
As an important branch of wireless measurement technology, WSN technology is increasingly favored and paid attention by a large number of application engineers, not only in the fields of industrial control and environmental monitoring, but also in military and aerospace. The prospect of wireless measurement technology under the leadership of WSN is limitless, and its application fields have been extended to military, aviation, anti-terrorism, explosion-proof, disaster relief, environmental, medical, health care, household, industrial, commercial and other fields, some fields have risen The height of the national strategy.
two. An Introduction
A complete wireless measurement network consists of three parts: the sensor part (WSN), the data processing part, and the data application part. See Figure 1.
The sensor part is the WSN --- wireless sensor, which can be selected and used according to the needs of the site; the data application part is actually a software system, which can be classified according to the needs of the application; the core part is the data processing unit, which can be selected according to the application SCM or ARM system.
The support system of the wireless measurement system is also very important. For the WSN part, it must be powered by the battery. For the data application part, only a computer with Internet access is required, and the data processing part can use different power supply systems according to actual needs.
From the above figure, we can see that the biggest advantage of the wireless measurement system is that there is no hard connection between the three parts. In other words, there is no physical relationship between them except for data exchange, which effectively avoids the complexity of each other. Interference and resource allocation, I think, this is the key to the vigorous development of wireless measurement technology.
three. Key technology
There is no doubt that the most critical part of the wireless measurement system is the data processing unit, and the most relevant is of course the two wireless communication modules, one is the short-distance communication module and the other is the remote communication module. There are many articles and products related to remote communication modules, which are not described here. There are also many products. Foreign ones include SIMENS, SIMCOM, WAVECOM, etc., domestic ones are Huawei, ZTE, Youfang, etc. Customers can choose a good price-performance ratio according to their needs. The product. Here we mainly introduce the short-distance communication module designed by our company --- WT3224.
The WT3224 module is designed by Beijing Woying Taike Electronic Information Technology Co., Ltd. The main control chip uses TI ’s CC1110 solution and SMD structure design. In order to meet the needs of WSN networks, the module integrates an RF power amplifier circuit, and the maximum RF transmission distance can be Reaching 20dB, you can choose to use according to your needs. WT3224 has two working modes, one is the independent working mode, the module works independently in the independent working mode to realize the true WSN function; the other is the online working mode, which can be used as the standard serial port device of the main control single chip to realize the main control Wireless connection from computer to WSN.
four. concrete application
According to the complete scheme of wireless measurement, we have successfully applied the above scheme to two systems, which are the transmission line comprehensive online monitoring system and the road traffic information online monitoring system.
The transmission line comprehensive online monitoring system realizes various state parameters of the power system transmission line operation, such as the various states of the transmission line, including the vibration state of the wire and the temperature state of the wire. If the traditional wired measurement technology is adopted, it will definitely not work, because it is not It is possible to route the analog data channel on the transmission line with high voltage, high harsh environment and high interference, so it can be easily achieved by using the WSN network, only need to hang the completely independent WSN sensor on the transmission wire to be measured, and then Send the digitized data to the data concentrator, and then send the data to the monitoring center through the remote transmission function, so that you can sit in front of the computer in the office to implement line monitoring.
Another practical application of WSN wireless measurement is the road traffic information online monitoring system. How to monitor road traffic information, it is simple and convenient to monitor the actual traffic status of each road and the correlation between them has always been a concern of the transportation department , Such as road traffic volume, speed, model status, the relationship between road environmental information and traffic volume speed, etc. The traditional method is often to dig roads and wiring, which is not only very complicated but also destroys the original state of the road, and is now used. The WSN network makes the design very simple, just dig a small hole in the place where you need to monitor and place the WSN sensor.
Fives. Conclusion
The application of WSN and wireless measurement technology is extensive, and it is subverting the traditional test system structure. I hope this article will start a role to contribute to the vigorous development of WSN technology in China.
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