Since the 19th century, the birth of traditional incandescent bulbs has been a great boon for mankind. But the extremely low energy conversion efficiency has gradually eliminated it, and people are looking for more environmentally friendly alternatives.
Finally, the incandescent bulbs also ushered in the spring. Scientists in the United States have invented a new type of incandescent lamp that uses its own residual heat to illuminate again, making efficient use of energy.
Researchers at the new light bulb say that in the era of today's traditional energy-saving lamps (compact fluorescent lamps, LED bulbs), if this new technology is used to the extreme, it can save a lot of energy.
Incandescent lamps emit light by the heat generated by a wire (usually a tungsten wire). The heat reached nearly 2700 degrees Celsius. High temperatures cause the wires to emit visible light, but this is not the light that is emitted by all of the heat. It also produces a lot of radiation that we can't see, such as infrared light. This means that more than 95% of the energy is wasted due to heat.
This also explains why incandescent lamps are increasingly being replaced by more energy-efficient CFL lamps and LED lamps. But can we find a way to use the excess heat and energy to change the sadness of the incandescent lamp being eliminated? This is also the problem that MIT researchers are trying to solve. They invented a light bulb that "recycles light." There are two steps.
In the first step, they made a traditional incandescent bulb with a heating wire.
In the second step, the researchers made a mysterious device installed around the filament. This device is in the form of a photonic crystal that recovers the excess radiation generated by the filament and becomes visible light.
The challenge for researchers is to find a material that reflects both infrared and visible light.
One of the researchers, OgnjenIlic said: "The key development in the whole process is to design a photonic structure that allows the bulb to emit visible light while reflecting infrared light at a wide angle. Traditional photonic structures often have only one angle of incidence. Our challenge is to have optical properties. Expanded to have multiple angles of incidence."
The structure invented by researchers is related to nanostructures and can be described as natural nanotechnology. This technology enables the energy efficiency of the newly developed new bulb to reach 6.6%, which is three times higher than the 2-2-3% of traditional incandescent bulbs.
Although the current energy efficiency is not as high as CFL lamps (7-13%) or led lamps (5-13%), researchers believe that this technology can achieve 40% energy efficiency in the future. This means that one day we can still see the incandescent bulbs on the supermarket shelves.
Researchers feel that there is still a long way to go before energy-saving light bulbs can be realized. One of the research members, Marin Soljai, said: "Because LED lights are a strong competitor, people have a good reason to buy it. But understanding these basic light or other principles is still very important for buyers."
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