The autonomous car industry is a giant cake that involves many segments. Automakers and traders association SMMT predicts that by 2030, autonomous driving technology can reduce traffic accidents in the UK by 25,000 and save 2,500 lives.
According to the degree of automation, the automatic driving technology can be divided into 6 levels, from Level 0 of the automatic driving system to Level 5 of the fully automatic driving. Many new cars are equipped with Level 1 auxiliary functions and some Level 2 systems, which will be demonstrated through 10 autopilot technologies.
Parking assist system
The parking assist system automatically controls the car in and out of parallel or standard parking. To activate the parking assist function, you need to press the corresponding button on the dashboard or touch screen to let the car search for the appropriate location nearby. Typically, cameras and sensors on a car search for a 20% larger space than a car.
When the car is stationary, the reverse gear is engaged and the car will automatically move to the parking space. Although the car is self-operating, the accelerator, brakes and clutch are still controlled by the driver. Some systems also include the ability to exit the parking space. Parking assist systems are better at measuring the size of the space and detecting cars and buildings, so drivers should remain vigilant about roadside pedestrians, cyclists, fences and animals.
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) uses radar or sensors to adjust the speed of the vehicle based on current traffic flow, and some systems are near full autonomy. Similar to standard cruise control, ACC keeps the car at a steady speed and accelerates or decelerates according to real-time road conditions.
If the vehicle in front starts to decelerate, the engine management system of the car will respond accordingly and initiate braking if necessary. If the driver does not respond in time, the ACC will issue an image and an audible warning. Some systems also include traffic jam assists that handle braking and acceleration in blocked areas. According to SMMT statistics, 6.9% of new cars use ACC as a standard and 29.3% as an option.
Automatic high beam
The automatic high beam, also known as high beam assistant, uses sensors on the rearview mirror to detect nearby light sources (such as headlights or taillights) to automatically switch between high beam and low beam. This feature is particularly useful on rural roads and does not require manual manual switching, but is of little use in urban areas and highways.
This technology is also flawed, and sometimes the system does not respond to oncoming vehicles, which can upset the driver's sight. The invention of the matrix LED high beam has alleviated this problem to a certain extent. It not only directly irradiates a plurality of individual beams to the opposite vehicle, but also irradiates other areas with high beam, and the visible range is obviously enlarged.
Blind spot information system
A blind spot information system, or blind spot monitoring, can detect vehicles in a blind spot through a camera or radar sensor in the door mirror. If a vehicle enters the driver's blind spot, a warning light will appear in the door mirror or A-pillar.
If there are other vehicles in the blind spot when the driver changes lanes, the system will give a sound or vibration warning. In theory, this technology can reduce the number of collisions caused by lane changes on highways or dual lanes, but it is necessary to check the mirrors at any time.
Intersection traffic warning system
Intersection traffic warning systems are very useful for drivers who are frequently active in busy parking lots, such as shopping centers and train stations. It can monitor past traffic conditions when reversing from a parking space.
Whenever there is a moving object entering the blind spot, the system will alert the driver by sound or image, and some vehicles will pass the information to the information prompting system. Although this technology can't completely replace the human eye, once it is used, it will find it very useful.
Driver alarm system
The driver alarm system can monitor when the driver begins to feel tired and reminds the rest. According to Volkswagen, up to 25% of highway traffic accidents are caused by fatigue driving. These accidents are often particularly serious because the driver has little chance of responding.
The driver's alarm system analyzes the driver's behavior, and unstable steering wheel movement and lane deviations imply that the driver begins to feel tired. When the system detects that the driver is tired, the driver will be reminded of the need to rest through images and sounds. The warning will be repeated until the driver takes the appropriate action.
Automatic emergency braking system
The Automatic Emergency Brake System (AEB) uses a camera or radar sensor to monitor traffic ahead and measure the distance and relative speed of other vehicles. When the vehicle is too close to the front, the system will issue a warning. If the system detects an impending collision, it will start the brake directly.
AEB is considered by experts to be an important development in safety and can prevent collisions first. This also explains why auto insurance costs and claims costs increase. The name of the AEB has not yet been unified, 28.4% of the new cars use it as a standard, and 24.7% as an option. The EU requires all new cars to be equipped with AEB, but the directive may not be in force until 2020.
Lane keeping warning and automatic steering assist
According to Lei Feng Network's new wisdom, the technology uses a front-view camera to detect whether the driver is off the lane. Depending on the vehicle configuration, the system will provide an image or audible warning. On some high-end vehicles, the system can safely adjust the vehicle back to the lane.
This function can sometimes become a disturbance, especially on rural roads, where repeated warnings cause some drivers to ignore warnings or shut down the system. Volvo's Pilot Assist is relatively more advanced, providing steering, braking and acceleration assistance, close to full autopilot. According to Volvo, the system is ideal for driving on dry, clear lanes and smooth highways.
Traffic sign recognition
Traffic sign recognition uses a camera to scan road signs and then pass the information to the dashboard or display. The message will always be displayed on the screen to alert the driver until the road conditions change. Of course, the system may sometimes be deceived by temporary road signs on the highway.
Think of it as an eye, it will be used on unfamiliar roads, and you can prevent missed speed limits based on speed signs.
Next generation technology
According to Lei Feng.com, the Car-to-X communication system is part of the next generation of autonomous driving. The system collects dangerous conditions detected by the vehicle, which may also be helpful to other Car-to-X users. For example, monitoring ice on a road or traffic at a sharp bend. Other technologies under development include communication between vehicles and traffic lights to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
Remote parking assistance can be used to maneuver the car into the garage via smartphone software. In the future, it may happen that the car leaves the owner at the entrance of the parking lot and travels to the nearest parking space.
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