An organic light emitting diode ( OLED ) is a self-luminous display technology. Compared with liquid crystal (LCD) technology, OLED has a thinner panel (thickness of about 1 mm), higher contrast ratio, faster response, more energy saving (power consumption is only 40% of liquid crystal), and lighter (33 liquid weight only) %) and other features, and there is no perspective problem at all.
In addition, the OLED has the advantage of being able to be folded, bent, or even hanging on a wall like a piece of paper, or in an imported pocket, or embedded in a garment. When it is not displayed, it looks like a piece of clothing. The necessary information can be displayed when needed. Therefore, the application of OLED is full of infinite imagination, and is also recognized as the successor of LCD products.
However, compared with liquid crystal display technology, OLED technology is not yet mature, and the risks in mass production are still high. For example, problems such as low yield, high cost, and difficulty in realizing large-size displays still exist. This is somewhat similar to the initial stage of development of liquid crystal products. Manufacturers investing in burning money is like a bottomless pit, but the return is far away.
Profitable vs. gamble?
Take a look at Sony's example. Sony launched the 11-inch OLED TV in 2007 and is the world's first OLED TV. And once planned to launch a 27-inch OLED TV, but the plan suddenly stopped. Until recently, an official Sony internal information was exposed, and OLED TVs appeared again in Sony's new product plan. Recently, Sony's sales of OLED TVs in the Japanese market due to cost issues have also seen some clues. And Sony is ready to invest in OLED again, so some people say that this is Sony's gamble on OLED after the LCD's defeat.
In addition to Sony, Samsung, LG, Sharp, Pioneer, Mitsubishi Electric, etc., also have plans to develop OLED, Samsung has been the largest manufacturer of OLED panel shipments. In addition to the global simultaneous listing of 15-inch OLED TVs, LG also firmly stated that it will launch 30-inch OLED TVs in 2011, and 40-inch OLED TVs will be available in 2012. LG also predicted that by 2016, the price of OLED panels will fall to the same as that of LCD panels, accelerating the popularity of OLEDs. DisplaySearch is optimistic that the global OLED output value will grow from a US$600 million in 2008 to a compound annual growth rate of 33%. The overall output value in 2016 will reach US$6.2 billion.
Compound growth rate of 44% in the next five years
According to a report released by market research firm IntertechPira, the global OLED lighting and display market will grow from 615 million US dollars in 2008 to more than 6.7 billion US dollars in 2014, and the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) will reach 44%.
In terms of OLED displays, it is predicted that the market will have a CAGR of 35% and a size of about 4.7 billion USD between 2009 and 2014. Its main growth driver is the application of AMOLED displays in portable products in the early days. AMOLED TV; In terms of OLED lighting, starting from the small market scale in 2010, with a growth rate of 112% CAGR, it will reach a scale of 1.985 billion US dollars in 2014.
In addition, due to the development of OLED materials and technologies, some OLED display manufacturers will turn to the development of OLED lighting. OLED displays were launched in the late 1990s, with major manufacturers being Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. But by 2014, the proportion of Chinese manufacturers will increase significantly. European manufacturers mainly focus on the development of OLED lighting technology.
As for the PMOLED display market, it will continue to scale down between 2009 and 2014, and AMOLED displays will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 42%.
For automotive OLED lighting, it will begin to take off in 2011, and by 2014, it will grow rapidly with 100% CAGR.
Due to its adaptability and printability, OLEDs are highly promising. Future applications include illuminated wallpapers, product packaging, advertising signs, clothing, greeting cards, or medical uses.
Where is the OLED problem? Taiwan OLED factory has gradually withdrawn
In 2006, Taiwan's OLED industry spent a difficult year. AUO and CMO went out of the OLED business. TECO laser sold its production line to mainland OLED manufacturers. Guanglei announced its withdrawal from OLED business. In fact, many Japanese and Korean OLED manufacturers also qiut the market. This also reflects the need for emerging technologies to go into vector production and marketization, and must have sufficient funds to successfully pass the product introduction period. If a professional OLED factory with a scale such as Taiwanese manufacturer Suibao chooses to merge with foreign companies, it can almost be said that Taiwan is almost insulated from the OLED industry.
60% of OLED panel applications are in mobile phone panels, and 40% are in MP3 players. However, in the face of competition from TFT panels, OLED panels are not economically large in scale and supply chain, and it is difficult to compete with TFT panels in terms of cost. , resulting in continued losses all the way. In addition, the technology is difficult to popularize, and there are few products in the market that can support the development of technology. Under the huge financial pressure, most manufacturers have opted out.
Due to poor yields and high costs, OLEDs are hard to beat TFT panels. In theory, OLED products have a simple structure and excellent display characteristics, and the cost should be lower than that of TFT panels. However, regardless of small molecule or polymer OLED, the production yield is low. It is necessary to replace the mainstream TFT panel by reducing the production cost from materials and supply chains.
Lack of strong big manufacturers Aoyuan In fact, the start of OLED and LCD or LED industry is similar, the key point is the huge capital investment. To put it bluntly, if an emerging industry lacks powerful leading manufacturers, the speed and scale of the establishment of the industrial chain will undoubtedly be affected. The reason why Samsung dared to mass-produce AMOLED panels was related to the huge economic scale behind it. In addition, Samsung has a complete industrial chain and huge LCD TV sales in the LCD market, which overlaps with some aspects of the OLED industry chain, so Samsung has easily established the OLED industry chain. Without the aid of Austrian aid with large economies, the pace of technological development will slow down.
In addition, OLED technology actually has its own risks, which is another important reason why many manufacturers are uncertain. The yield of the AMOLED panel production line is very low, only 30%, which leads to its high price. For example, LG's 15-inch OLED TV (standard resolution only) sells for as much as $2,600, which is already available for purchase of a LG brand of 55. Inch FullHD LCD TV. Of course, the problem of low OLED yield is not a technical bottleneck, but a matter of time.
"When OLEDs began to develop, the yield was also from low, and the mass production technology was mature and gradually improved. At present, LED is almost synonymous with lighting." Wu Zhimin, senior market manager for the Asia Pacific region of National Semiconductor (NS), who is very experienced in the LED field, said. Therefore, the yield is low and can be solved over time. Of course, from the perspective of LEDs in the field of lighting, and the fact that LCDs almost dominate the display industry, it does make OLEDs face the enemy.
There is another point of view on the market. After mass production of AMOLED in Samsung, Sony and LG have also released new blueprints for OLED development, making 2009 the first year of OLED take-off.
Some people believe that Japanese and Korean manufacturers have mastered OLED technology, but they have not actively promoted OLED TV in the past because of the financial problems caused by the economic crisis, and the other is the strategy to wait for the return on investment of LCD panels.
China's OLED investment focus China is a global electronics manufacturing and consumer power, and is expected to become the world's largest OLED application market in the future. It is expected that in the next three years, as the demand for consumer electronics terminals continues to increase, the demand for OLED panels in the mainland market will also grow rapidly. Therefore, the mainland has accelerated the investment in the OLED industry in recent years.
In response to OLED investment, experts generally believe that in the development of global display technology, China's CRT and LCD technology development failed to keep up with the current, can only play the role of low-profit manufacturing and foundry in the industry chain. Looking at the current global OLED market is in the mid-stage of industrialization, it is very similar to the development of the LCD industry started in 2000, so it has undoubtedly provided a good development opportunity for mainland manufacturers. In the next few years, the demand for the mainland OLED market will also be much higher than the current supply.
Industry development still faces bottlenecks Of course, facing the current LCD display technology in the mainstream market, OLED has to become a mainstream display technology, still facing many bottlenecks. At present, there are three major challenges that are affecting the development of the OLED industry. First, the price of OLED products is expensive because the economic scale is small, so that the material cost and process cost cannot be reduced. Second, at the technical level, the lifetime of OLEDs still needs to be improved. At present, the lifetime of OLED products is only 20,000 hours. At least 50,000 hours are required for the chemical requirements. Thirdly, OLEDs are still mainly used in the field of small-sized mobile device panels, and there is still a need to break through in the large-size display market.
In addition, the mainland China OLED industry chain has not yet formed. Almost all of the upstream materials need to be purchased from Japan, South Korea, etc. The systemic technology of key equipment and complete equipment is also in the hands of Japanese, Korean and European manufacturers. However, the mainland has mastered many key technologies in the synthesis of organic light-emitting materials, which will be a big advantage for the future into the OLED industry.
Large-size panels require breakthroughs in process. Faced with OLED panels, they are still focused on small-size display applications. Miyazaki, manager of Epson Production Engineering Center, said that there are several reasons for the display industry to look forward to the emergence of large-scale OLED panels. First, when the current passes through the organic material of the OLED display, the organic material emits light by itself, so that no expensive backlight is required, and the cost is greatly reduced. In addition, OLEDs can reduce energy consumption by a third compared to LCD screens, and consume only about one-tenth of the power of the plasma screen.
Miyata also said that other advantages include thinner and simpler assembly structures; better picture contrast and resolution; more saturated, deeper red, green and blue color; and a wider viewing angle. These advantages make OLED technology more suitable for use in home theaters.
"However, OLEDs are currently only available on small screens and applications that do not require long-term display, such as mobile phones and digital cameras." OLEDs cannot be popularized to the large-size display industry because the small-molecular organic materials used to make OLED screens are manufactured by an evaporation process, similar to the way in which spray paint is sprayed onto a pattern plate. Miyata said: "The evaporation method is suitable for the production of small and medium-sized screens. It is too impractical for the large-size screen and the cost is too expensive. While increasing the size of the panel, the production cost and the mask cost will increase greatly, and large scale will be encountered. The mask type is distorted." Therefore, the enlargement of the OLED panel must also match the new inkjet process. In the next module of this topic, we will introduce a new process developed for large-size OLED displays. Interested readers can take a peek.
Conclusion
OLED technology, its performance in terms of power saving and brightness is very good, not only can be applied to the panel field, but also gradually extend the tentacles to the lighting use, it can be said that the industry is the star of tomorrow. Although there are still problems such as self-development bottlenecks and market competition technologies, I believe that once they are overcome, they will soon be able to see their enthusiasm in the industry.
In addition, the OLED has the advantage of being able to be folded, bent, or even hanging on a wall like a piece of paper, or in an imported pocket, or embedded in a garment. When it is not displayed, it looks like a piece of clothing. The necessary information can be displayed when needed. Therefore, the application of OLED is full of infinite imagination, and is also recognized as the successor of LCD products.
However, compared with liquid crystal display technology, OLED technology is not yet mature, and the risks in mass production are still high. For example, problems such as low yield, high cost, and difficulty in realizing large-size displays still exist. This is somewhat similar to the initial stage of development of liquid crystal products. Manufacturers investing in burning money is like a bottomless pit, but the return is far away.
Profitable vs. gamble?
Take a look at Sony's example. Sony launched the 11-inch OLED TV in 2007 and is the world's first OLED TV. And once planned to launch a 27-inch OLED TV, but the plan suddenly stopped. Until recently, an official Sony internal information was exposed, and OLED TVs appeared again in Sony's new product plan. Recently, Sony's sales of OLED TVs in the Japanese market due to cost issues have also seen some clues. And Sony is ready to invest in OLED again, so some people say that this is Sony's gamble on OLED after the LCD's defeat.
In addition to Sony, Samsung, LG, Sharp, Pioneer, Mitsubishi Electric, etc., also have plans to develop OLED, Samsung has been the largest manufacturer of OLED panel shipments. In addition to the global simultaneous listing of 15-inch OLED TVs, LG also firmly stated that it will launch 30-inch OLED TVs in 2011, and 40-inch OLED TVs will be available in 2012. LG also predicted that by 2016, the price of OLED panels will fall to the same as that of LCD panels, accelerating the popularity of OLEDs. DisplaySearch is optimistic that the global OLED output value will grow from a US$600 million in 2008 to a compound annual growth rate of 33%. The overall output value in 2016 will reach US$6.2 billion.
Compound growth rate of 44% in the next five years
According to a report released by market research firm IntertechPira, the global OLED lighting and display market will grow from 615 million US dollars in 2008 to more than 6.7 billion US dollars in 2014, and the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) will reach 44%.
In terms of OLED displays, it is predicted that the market will have a CAGR of 35% and a size of about 4.7 billion USD between 2009 and 2014. Its main growth driver is the application of AMOLED displays in portable products in the early days. AMOLED TV; In terms of OLED lighting, starting from the small market scale in 2010, with a growth rate of 112% CAGR, it will reach a scale of 1.985 billion US dollars in 2014.
In addition, due to the development of OLED materials and technologies, some OLED display manufacturers will turn to the development of OLED lighting. OLED displays were launched in the late 1990s, with major manufacturers being Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. But by 2014, the proportion of Chinese manufacturers will increase significantly. European manufacturers mainly focus on the development of OLED lighting technology.
As for the PMOLED display market, it will continue to scale down between 2009 and 2014, and AMOLED displays will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 42%.
For automotive OLED lighting, it will begin to take off in 2011, and by 2014, it will grow rapidly with 100% CAGR.
Due to its adaptability and printability, OLEDs are highly promising. Future applications include illuminated wallpapers, product packaging, advertising signs, clothing, greeting cards, or medical uses.
Where is the OLED problem? Taiwan OLED factory has gradually withdrawn
In 2006, Taiwan's OLED industry spent a difficult year. AUO and CMO went out of the OLED business. TECO laser sold its production line to mainland OLED manufacturers. Guanglei announced its withdrawal from OLED business. In fact, many Japanese and Korean OLED manufacturers also qiut the market. This also reflects the need for emerging technologies to go into vector production and marketization, and must have sufficient funds to successfully pass the product introduction period. If a professional OLED factory with a scale such as Taiwanese manufacturer Suibao chooses to merge with foreign companies, it can almost be said that Taiwan is almost insulated from the OLED industry.
60% of OLED panel applications are in mobile phone panels, and 40% are in MP3 players. However, in the face of competition from TFT panels, OLED panels are not economically large in scale and supply chain, and it is difficult to compete with TFT panels in terms of cost. , resulting in continued losses all the way. In addition, the technology is difficult to popularize, and there are few products in the market that can support the development of technology. Under the huge financial pressure, most manufacturers have opted out.
Due to poor yields and high costs, OLEDs are hard to beat TFT panels. In theory, OLED products have a simple structure and excellent display characteristics, and the cost should be lower than that of TFT panels. However, regardless of small molecule or polymer OLED, the production yield is low. It is necessary to replace the mainstream TFT panel by reducing the production cost from materials and supply chains.
Lack of strong big manufacturers Aoyuan In fact, the start of OLED and LCD or LED industry is similar, the key point is the huge capital investment. To put it bluntly, if an emerging industry lacks powerful leading manufacturers, the speed and scale of the establishment of the industrial chain will undoubtedly be affected. The reason why Samsung dared to mass-produce AMOLED panels was related to the huge economic scale behind it. In addition, Samsung has a complete industrial chain and huge LCD TV sales in the LCD market, which overlaps with some aspects of the OLED industry chain, so Samsung has easily established the OLED industry chain. Without the aid of Austrian aid with large economies, the pace of technological development will slow down.
In addition, OLED technology actually has its own risks, which is another important reason why many manufacturers are uncertain. The yield of the AMOLED panel production line is very low, only 30%, which leads to its high price. For example, LG's 15-inch OLED TV (standard resolution only) sells for as much as $2,600, which is already available for purchase of a LG brand of 55. Inch FullHD LCD TV. Of course, the problem of low OLED yield is not a technical bottleneck, but a matter of time.
"When OLEDs began to develop, the yield was also from low, and the mass production technology was mature and gradually improved. At present, LED is almost synonymous with lighting." Wu Zhimin, senior market manager for the Asia Pacific region of National Semiconductor (NS), who is very experienced in the LED field, said. Therefore, the yield is low and can be solved over time. Of course, from the perspective of LEDs in the field of lighting, and the fact that LCDs almost dominate the display industry, it does make OLEDs face the enemy.
There is another point of view on the market. After mass production of AMOLED in Samsung, Sony and LG have also released new blueprints for OLED development, making 2009 the first year of OLED take-off.
Some people believe that Japanese and Korean manufacturers have mastered OLED technology, but they have not actively promoted OLED TV in the past because of the financial problems caused by the economic crisis, and the other is the strategy to wait for the return on investment of LCD panels.
China's OLED investment focus China is a global electronics manufacturing and consumer power, and is expected to become the world's largest OLED application market in the future. It is expected that in the next three years, as the demand for consumer electronics terminals continues to increase, the demand for OLED panels in the mainland market will also grow rapidly. Therefore, the mainland has accelerated the investment in the OLED industry in recent years.
In response to OLED investment, experts generally believe that in the development of global display technology, China's CRT and LCD technology development failed to keep up with the current, can only play the role of low-profit manufacturing and foundry in the industry chain. Looking at the current global OLED market is in the mid-stage of industrialization, it is very similar to the development of the LCD industry started in 2000, so it has undoubtedly provided a good development opportunity for mainland manufacturers. In the next few years, the demand for the mainland OLED market will also be much higher than the current supply.
Industry development still faces bottlenecks Of course, facing the current LCD display technology in the mainstream market, OLED has to become a mainstream display technology, still facing many bottlenecks. At present, there are three major challenges that are affecting the development of the OLED industry. First, the price of OLED products is expensive because the economic scale is small, so that the material cost and process cost cannot be reduced. Second, at the technical level, the lifetime of OLEDs still needs to be improved. At present, the lifetime of OLED products is only 20,000 hours. At least 50,000 hours are required for the chemical requirements. Thirdly, OLEDs are still mainly used in the field of small-sized mobile device panels, and there is still a need to break through in the large-size display market.
In addition, the mainland China OLED industry chain has not yet formed. Almost all of the upstream materials need to be purchased from Japan, South Korea, etc. The systemic technology of key equipment and complete equipment is also in the hands of Japanese, Korean and European manufacturers. However, the mainland has mastered many key technologies in the synthesis of organic light-emitting materials, which will be a big advantage for the future into the OLED industry.
Large-size panels require breakthroughs in process. Faced with OLED panels, they are still focused on small-size display applications. Miyazaki, manager of Epson Production Engineering Center, said that there are several reasons for the display industry to look forward to the emergence of large-scale OLED panels. First, when the current passes through the organic material of the OLED display, the organic material emits light by itself, so that no expensive backlight is required, and the cost is greatly reduced. In addition, OLEDs can reduce energy consumption by a third compared to LCD screens, and consume only about one-tenth of the power of the plasma screen.
Miyata also said that other advantages include thinner and simpler assembly structures; better picture contrast and resolution; more saturated, deeper red, green and blue color; and a wider viewing angle. These advantages make OLED technology more suitable for use in home theaters.
"However, OLEDs are currently only available on small screens and applications that do not require long-term display, such as mobile phones and digital cameras." OLEDs cannot be popularized to the large-size display industry because the small-molecular organic materials used to make OLED screens are manufactured by an evaporation process, similar to the way in which spray paint is sprayed onto a pattern plate. Miyata said: "The evaporation method is suitable for the production of small and medium-sized screens. It is too impractical for the large-size screen and the cost is too expensive. While increasing the size of the panel, the production cost and the mask cost will increase greatly, and large scale will be encountered. The mask type is distorted." Therefore, the enlargement of the OLED panel must also match the new inkjet process. In the next module of this topic, we will introduce a new process developed for large-size OLED displays. Interested readers can take a peek.
Conclusion
OLED technology, its performance in terms of power saving and brightness is very good, not only can be applied to the panel field, but also gradually extend the tentacles to the lighting use, it can be said that the industry is the star of tomorrow. Although there are still problems such as self-development bottlenecks and market competition technologies, I believe that once they are overcome, they will soon be able to see their enthusiasm in the industry.
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