The American film Gravity Dramaticized the risk of space junk. Although floating wrenches and broken rocket parts may pose the most deadly threat to the spacecraft, most of the orbital debris is actually much smaller—imagine paint spots and broken satellite fragments. Now, NASA hopes to use the Space Debris Sensor (SDS) to learn more about dust-sized micro-fragments orbiting the Earth. The sensor is planned to be shipped to international spacecraft recently launched by Space Exploration Technology. space station.
A small 7-mm-wide debris found on a window of the International Space Station. Image source: ESA/NASA
Utilizing ground-based radar, the U.S. Air Force is continuing to track approximately 23,000 space debris larger than a baseball so that satellite operators can avoid collisions with maneuvers. But Brian Weeden said people know very little about smaller space debris. He is Director of Project Planning at the Non-Profit Organization Security World Foundation in Washington, DC.
Weeden said that SDS will study objects less than 1 mm in high-speed motion and they will still cause real damage. He said: "If a satellite is orbiting for 10 or 15 years, then these small scratches will affect the satellite by destroying sensors or wear materials."
NASA had previously studied tiny debris by inspecting space shuttle windows and radiators. These tiny collisions caused dents to return to the space shuttle. "A detailed ground inspection can estimate the size of the object that hits it, but the information you can get from it is limited," said Joseph Hamilton. He is an orbital debris scientist and the SDS Principal Investigator at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
After installation on the International Space Station, new sensors will be able to better handle real micro-shard information. The 1 square meter detector on the SDS contains a thin layer of sensors embedded in a thin wire mesh. When the micro-fragment hits the surface of the SDS, it destroys many of these wires, which is related to the size of the particles. The destruction of the lower sensor layer provides information for understanding the speed and trajectory of the particles. The back panel will measure the intensity of the impact, which helps scientists estimate the density of the object.
With these data, scientists can determine the orbits of these micro-discs and provide clues for their origin. For example, an elliptical orbit indicates that a particle is a natural micro-meteoroid; and a circular orbit means that it may have fallen from an artificial satellite.
By accurately estimating the number of micro-shards, scientists can infer and better predict the number of objects larger than 1 mm and less than 10 cm. Hamilton said that these objects will cause more damage to the spacecraft, but they are too small to be tracked by the radar.
The SDS will operate on the International Space Station about 400 kilometers from the surface of the Earth. It is considered a demonstration of technology. If successful, the future task may be to study micro-shards at a height of 700 km to 1000 km from the surface of the earth. This is a more congested space, but little is known about it. These findings can help satellite designers develop better shields, and the improved micro-displacement quantity model can help them find a space where dust does not pose a major threat.
Some companies have already smelled the opportunity to study space junk. Astroscale, a private satellite service company based in Singapore, has developed a 22-kg microsatellite “IDEAOSG1†to study those higher (600-800 km) space debris. On November 28, Astroscale became one of the satellites launched by the Russian Union rocket. However, the rocket failed to reach the scheduled orbit. It is estimated that the launch has failed. Prior to launch, Chris Blackerby, chief operating officer of Astroscale, said in Tokyo, Japan that the company is seeking opportunities to share data collected by satellites through agreements with government agencies or private organizations. Astroscale did not respond to comments on the failure of the Russian rocket launch.
Space debris is a man-made object in space except for a spacecraft that is in operation. It includes debris generated by launch vehicles and spacecraft during the launching process, scrapped satellites, materials on the surface of spacecraft, and surface coatings that have aged out. Paint patches; Solid and liquid materials leaking from spacecraft; Fragments produced during explosions and collisions of rockets and spacecraft.
Space debris typically travels at a speed of 7 to 8 kilometers per second in low-altitude orbits of 300 to 450 kilometers, and 3 kilometers per second at geostationary orbit of 36,000 kilometers. According to the inclination of the orbit, the relative speed at the time of collision can even reach more than 10 kilometers per second, so it has a great destructive power. If space debris collides with a man-made satellite, a manned spaceship or the International Space Station, it will endanger the lives of equipment and even astronauts. According to calculations, a space debris with a diameter of 10 centimeters can completely destroy the spacecraft. Space debris of a few millimeters in size may make it impossible for them to continue their work. Space debris has therefore become an international issue.
Reasons to mine Zcash
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Mining can be a cheap entry ticket to the Zcash markets, which are loved by traders for their high volatility. If you`re a good and/or lucky trader, you can maximize your profits.</li>
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Let`s break this last idea down a bit further.
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