The World Mobile Communications Conference, the most influential annual event in the global mobile communications industry, opened on February 27th in Barcelona, ​​Spain. In the dazzling new product set-up, the blueprint for the “Internet of Everything†supported by the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) is becoming more and more clear.
How does 5G change the lives of ordinary people? Can it bring new momentum to world economic growth? Can the global realization of the unified 5G standard? The Chinese public is also concerned about the status of China's own standards in the future 5G global standards.
Not only is the speed changedSpeaking of 5G, many people will ask, “What else is there besides being fast?†In fact, the communication industry itself has not yet defined a specification for 5G, but it is based on the previous generation of mobile communication technology for about 10 years. Commercialized around 2021.
This year, the International Telecommunications Union began to collect 5G programs as planned, and announced a draft containing 13 5G indicators. The 5G standardization process has taken a big step forward. These indicators include: each 5G base station can provide at least 20Gbps downlink and 10Gbps uplink broadband transmission capability; it must ensure that the user data connection on the 500km/h vehicle is not interrupted; the maximum delay for connecting 5G users cannot exceed 4ms, even It is an ultra-low latency communication that maintains 1 millisecond; a single 5G network can carry at least 1 million devices per square kilometer.
What do these indicators mean? Imagine a future scenario in which a surgeon takes a drone taxi controlled by a 5G network to the train station. On a 500-kilometre high-speed train, he downloads a 2G-sized HD movie in 6.4 seconds. Enjoy it on your phone. On the way, he received a notice from the hospital that he had to remotely control the robots thousands of miles away for surgery. Through the 5G network, the operation was clean and beautiful, and the robot did not even have the delay of “a blink of an eyeâ€... driverless cars, high-speed trains, Internet telemedicine The doctor realized "all things and control everything" through the 5G network.
The profitable emerging market space is called the “blue oceanâ€. Yang Lan, secretary-general of the TD Industry Alliance initiated by eight Chinese companies including Huawei, ZTE and Datang Telecom, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that the “blue ocean industry†in the 5G era will be the vertical industry in the economy, not In the mobile communication industry itself, the 5G network will become an infrastructure that will greatly increase the production efficiency and intelligent manufacturing level of each vertical industry, and bring a smarter lifestyle to the general public.
On February 22, Qualcomm announced at the 5G summit in Beijing that the global 5G value chain will generate 3.5 trillion US dollars of output and create 22 million jobs. It is expected that from 2020 to 2035, 5G's contribution to global GDP growth will be equivalent to that of the same size as India.
National interest gameAt present, the world's communications industry giants are striving for "preemptive strikes" in 5G technology research and development. Taking Chinese companies as an example, ZTE has invested 200 million yuan in 5G research and development, and more than 2,000 employees worldwide are responsible for 5G research. ZTE chief scientist Xiang Jiying told reporters at the World Mobile Communications Conference that ZTE has completed the first phase of the 5G prototype test in 2016 and is the world leader. After the launch of the international standard in 2018, ZTE will launch the pre-commercial application in the shortest time. product.
The 5G network is undoubtedly the key technology to realize the "Internet of Everything". However, Brill, the chief analyst of the famous market consulting firm Frist, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that since the 5G standard has not yet been agreed, the number of related equipment is still limited, and the business plan still lacks a clear return on investment, 5G. The deployment of the network on a global scale still faces enormous challenges.
Compared with other industries, the remarkable feature of the mobile communication industry is that standards and industry development are closely related. Yang Wei stressed that having the right to speak in standard setting will inevitably drive the development of the industry. "In addition to the choice of technology and market, the standard dispute in the future 5G field is a game of national interest."
Taking the 3G standard competition as an example, the 3G standards advocated by the United States and Europe actually belong to FDD technology. However, for their respective industrial interests, the two sides have proposed different standards, and the three-legged TD-SCDMA proposed by China. ITU has clearly stated that June 30, 1998 is the deadline for countries to submit 3G standards, but the US government put pressure on ITU in 2007 to accept the United States nearly 10 years after the “dead deadlineâ€. WIMAX is the fourth standard.
Nowadays, in the formulation and deployment of 5G standards, countries around the world are accelerating their actions. For example, former US President Barack Obama launched the Advanced Wireless Research Program before leaving office at the end of 2016, and will invest US$400 million in the next seven years to “maintain leadership and win the next generation of mobile communication technology†in the US; European Commission last year 9 The company announced a monthly investment of 120 million euros for public institutions to purchase the latest mobile communication equipment. EU member states will complete the full deployment of 5G systems by 2025. The British government also confirmed in November last year that it will invest at least 1 billion pounds by 2020. Improve the construction of national high-speed optical fiber and 5G network infrastructure.
Spectrum resources are the core resources for the development of the mobile communication industry, and one of the challenges facing the development of 5G. The telecommunications industry is eager to explore the millimeter-wave spectrum that has not been allocated but is suitable for 5G networks. South Korea's Samsung, Qualcomm, Japan, Como Communications and other companies have completed their own field test for 28GHz frequency. However, this frequency is not on the international mobile communication spectrum list.
The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) introduced new and flexible service rules for the band in 2015. FCC Commissioner Rosen Wasser has publicly stated: "When we look at the long-term, we will find that some places in the United States must go alone. The 28GHz band, which is not included in the spectrum research list at the World Radio Conference, is one of them. This band can be allocated to mobile applications around the world, and the United States cannot stop."
Can "China Time" come?According to the 5G timetable published by the ITU, the collection of 5G technical solutions and standard setting will be completed by 2020, and the relatively complete technical standards proposals of countries will be submitted by June 30, 2018.
In the evolutionary history of mobile communications, Chinese companies have experienced the "2G tracking, 3G breakthrough, 4G synchronization" stage. Yang Wei said that the 4G standard presents a competitive landscape between the European-led FDD-LTE standard and the Chinese-led TD-LTE. In the future 5G standard competition, these two standards may be unified, and it is more likely to maintain a two-to-three standard competition pattern. The future competition is mainly reflected in the fact that the relevant standards proposed by China can account for a large proportion of the entire 5G international standard technical solutions, or a large proportion of the core technical solutions.
Yang Wei stressed that from a technical point of view, many industry insiders believe that the China-led TD-LTE standard represents the mainstream of technology development and adapts to the requirements of mobile internet asymmetry and reciprocity.
At present, the three major scenarios of 5G applications include high-traffic mobile broadband services such as 3D/Ultra HD video, large-scale Internet of Things services, and services such as driverless and industrial automation that require low latency and high reliability. In 2016, China Huawei's polarization code scheme was adopted as the coding scheme for the control channel in the high-traffic mobile broadband service. Although the data channel adopts the Qualcomm's solution, and there are two channels of channel coding scheme competition, the industry believes that the adoption of the polarization code as the basis for Huawei's follow-up in the 5G era is of great significance.
The era of monopoly standards for European and American companies will end, the international status of China's communication technology is improving, and Chinese companies have become a role that international counterparts cannot ignore. Before the opening of the World Mobile Communications Conference, the US "Wall Street Journal" website reported that the world mobile communications industry is undergoing a transformation, and Asian companies are using the international process of developing 5G standards to challenge the existing world order and Western advantages.
On the opening day of the World Mobile Communications Conference, Stuart Revell, a researcher at the 5G Research Center of the University of Surrey in the United Kingdom, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency: "We have a close working relationship with China today, especially in research, development, testing platforms and standardization work. The cooperation is very active and we believe that the Chinese counterparts are important partners in our research work."
Briller of Frist Market Consulting said that Chinese companies such as Huawei and ZTE will play a "main role" in the development and deployment of 5G.
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